{"id":572,"date":"2021-10-07T16:49:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T14:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/?p=140"},"modified":"2026-09-06T16:19:56","modified_gmt":"2026-09-06T14:19:56","slug":"raim-macabeu-o-viura-que-es-caracteristiques-varietats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/raim-macabeu-o-viura-que-es-caracteristiques-varietats\/","title":{"rendered":"Macabeo or viura grape: What it is, characteristics, varieties\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"

What is the macabeo grape?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El ra\u00efm macabeu, tamb\u00e9 dita Viura, \u00e9s una varietat de ra\u00efm blanc que es conrea pr\u00e0cticament en tota Espanya i amb un cert augment de les plantacions en l’\u00faltima d\u00e8cada. No sols s’utilitza per a l’elaboraci\u00f3 de cava, sin\u00f3 que funciona molt b\u00e9 perqu\u00e8 \u00e9s una varietat molt polivalent, alhora que r\u00fastica i productiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The macabeo grape stands out for its adaptability and a quality that turns every wine it produces into a delight, being especially enjoyable in summer and in a pairing<\/a> of white fish.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It is the most common white grape in Rioja white wine and is sometimes added in small quantities to ull de llebre wines and grenache grape<\/a> red in versions without barrel ageing. It also allows Reserva and Gran Reserva wines to be made with ageing that can last for decades.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Next to the Xarel\u00b7lo<\/a> i la Parellada, \u00e9s una de les tres varietats tradicionals utilitzades per a elaborar el cava, el vi espum\u00f3s m\u00e9s conegut d’Espanya. A m\u00e9s, \u00e9s molt utilitzada per a realitzar vins blancs joves d’acidesa mitjana, que poden barrejar-se amb altres varietats de ra\u00efm blanc o tintes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Origin of the name<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Due to its spread and uncertain origin, it is fairly common to come across other names, such as alcanol, blanca de Daroca, lardot, lloza, malvoisie, provensal o queue de Ressan<\/em>. The various variants of the name are also surprising (maccabeo, makkoveo, macabeu<\/em>\u2026) and expressions such as rossan, tokay, ugni or xarello<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

History of the macabeo grape<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

The origin of the Macabeo grape is controversial, partly possibly due to the late detection of the synonymy between Viura and Macabeo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En la \u201cAmpeolog\u00eda Universal\u201d de Odart (1859) es planteja la teoria que procedeix d’\u00c0sia Menor. Hidalgo (1993) assenyala que la viura sembla ser origin\u00e0ria d’Espanya, des d’on s’hauria propagat al sud de Fran\u00e7a. D’altra banda, la primera cita de Macabeu indica que el seu origen podria estar als Pirineus orientals francesos i d’aqu\u00ed hauria passat a Catalunya. Larrea (1978) i Mans de Z\u00fa\u00f1iga (1905) creuen que \u00e9s d’origen aragon\u00e8s, de la zona dels Pirineus i per aix\u00f2 no se la troba formant part dels vins vells de La Rioja, on no va arribar fins entrat el segle XIX. La viura, que \u00e9s com es coneix a la macabeu a Rioja, va ser introdu\u00efda en aquesta DO despr\u00e9s de l’epid\u00e8mia de fil\u00b7loxera en la d\u00e8cada de 1870. D’aquesta manera, per la gran capacitat dels seus vins per a resistir l’oxidaci\u00f3, va substituir en moltes vinyes a la malvesia i a la garnatxa blanca.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Where and how is the Macabeo grape grown?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Es conrea en diferents comunitats aut\u00f2nomes d’Espanya, com Arag\u00f3, Castella-La Manxa, Castella i Lle\u00f3, Catalunya, Extremadura, La Rioja, Pa\u00eds Basc i Comunitat Valenciana. D’altra banda, \u00e9s considerada la varietat principal en les denominacions d’origen de diverses regions. Entre elles, cal destacar Calatayud, Navarra, Pened\u00e8s, Somontano i Tarragona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Characteristics of the Macabeo grape<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Amb p\u00e0mpols de port al\u00e7at, brotada tardana i maduraci\u00f3 mitjana – tardana, el seu ram \u00e9s molt gran i compacte, amb peduncle curt. Les baies s\u00f3n de grand\u00e0ria mitjana – gran, forma esf\u00e8rica i pell fina d’un color groc verd\u00f3s, molt uniformes i amb poca pru\u00efna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Both the young and mature leaves have a very silky underside, with a slight reddish pigmentation on the tips of the young shoot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its aromas resemble those of Palomino, but this grape has more colour and more body, giving the wines a different touch depending on the fermentation time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Agronomic characteristics<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El ra\u00efm macabeu ha d’evitar-se tant en llocs frescos i humits com en s\u00f2ls massa secs, on es mostra propensa al dessecament i a la senesc\u00e8ncia i caiguda preco\u00e7 de les fulles, encara que en general \u00e9s un ra\u00efm que presenta una immensa adaptabilitat a tota mena de s\u00f2ls i condicions clim\u00e0tiques sense deixar de tenir un rendiment bastant alt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Its high fertility and yields call for short pruning systems. It is a wind-sensitive variety. In this respect, trellis training is advisable for growing macabeo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Malgrat la seva resist\u00e8ncia, la Macabeu \u00e9s una varietat de brotaci\u00f3 primerenca, la qual cosa la fa sensible a les gelades i vents intensos. A m\u00e9s, pot patir algunes malalties que acaben per alterar el seu sabor, especialment podridura grisa, \u00e0cars, o\u00efdi, botrytis, o necrosi provocada per bacteris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Per a aconseguir una producci\u00f3 de qualitat \u00e9s important controlar el rendiment i l’exc\u00e9s de vigor evitant tots aquells factors que l’afavoreix: reg, abonat nitrogenat excessiu, marcs amples de plantaci\u00f3, porta ingerts vigorosos\u2026Aix\u00ed mateix, \u00e9s important l’elecci\u00f3 adequada de la data de verema i una acurada elaboraci\u00f3 per a aconseguir vins de qualitat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What type of wine does Macabeo offer?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Macabeo is a very versatile variety used to make many different types of wine. Depending on growing conditions, it produces white wines, sparkling wines and even naturally sweet wines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In general, these are wines with a delicate aroma and a slightly astringent flavour, with a good balance between acidity and alcohol. The wine's colour is usually a pale, reddish yellow with hints of green.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Els vins secs i espumosos s\u00f3n lleugers, agradables, equilibrats en acidesa i sucre i de color p\u00e0l\u00b7lid. En zones i condicions c\u00e0lides disminueix la seva acidesa. Accepten la crian\u00e7a en barrica sense problemes gr\u00e0cies als nivells mitjans d’\u00e0cid tart\u00e0ric i m\u00e0lic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It's a variety with high production yield. It can achieve a good alcohol level, gives moderate to low acidity, has neutral aromas and low extract content. In the DO Pened\u00e8s, one of the main denominations of origin of Catalonia<\/a>, conjuntament amb la Xarel\u00b7lo i la Parellada, el cupatge tradicional per a l’elaboraci\u00f3 de cava que en vinificacions a altes temperatures li d\u00f3na notes herb\u00e0cies i tamb\u00e9 a fruita sobre madurada. El maridatge dels vins \u00e9s perfecte en \u00e8poca estival amb marisc, peixos, arrossos, amanides i fins i tot formatges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Macabeo grape is suitable for producing special wines: aged wines, reservas, fortified wines and cavas. It is also used in blending young or aged red wines, to add acidity to the whole, especially when there has been a grape harvest<\/a> early in the central region or when grown in cool climates. The aroma of the wines is of medium intensity, with floral, aniseed and fruity nuances. Sometimes its aromatic load is enhanced when blended with other varieties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In short, the Macabeo grape remains a foolproof resource for achieving a medium-flavoured wine that's perfect for any occasion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s el ra\u00efm macabeu? El ra\u00efm macabeu, tamb\u00e9 dita Viura, \u00e9s una varietat de ra\u00efm blanc que es conrea pr\u00e0cticament en tota Espanya i amb un cert augment de les plantacions en l’\u00faltima d\u00e8cada. No sols s’utilitza per a l’elaboraci\u00f3 de cava, sin\u00f3 que funciona molt b\u00e9 perqu\u00e8 \u00e9s una varietat molt polivalent, alhora … Read more<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":573,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-572","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=572"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1282,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/572\/revisions\/1282"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/573"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=572"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=572"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/avinturat.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=572"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}